{"id":244,"date":"2022-09-19T16:56:51","date_gmt":"2022-09-19T14:56:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/via-cultura.sk\/?p=244"},"modified":"2022-09-19T16:56:51","modified_gmt":"2022-09-19T14:56:51","slug":"kulturna-politika-ako-pramen-narodnej-kultury","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/via-cultura.sk\/en\/kulturna-politika-ako-pramen-narodnej-kultury\/","title":{"rendered":"Kult\u00farna politika ako prame\u0148 n\u00e1rodnej kult\u00fary"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Kult\u00fara je z\u00e1kladom Eur\u00f3py, v\u0161etci dookola opakuj\u00fa. Bez kult\u00fary nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1\u0161 star\u00fd kontinent pochopi\u0165. V skuto\u010dnosti sa v\u0161ak Eur\u00f3pania bavia o menov\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch, nezamestnanosti, nov\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00e1ch, pris\u0165ahovalectve a vlastnej bezpe\u010dnosti. Kult\u00fara zost\u00e1va len pre v\u00fdstavy, festivaly a turizmus. Eur\u00f3pa naozaj od roku 1989 \u00fazko spolupracovala v len oblasti hospod\u00e1rstva, dopravy, pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch vied a technol\u00f3gi\u00ed. Tieto ot\u00e1zky sa aj dnes zdaj\u00fa by\u0165 naliehavej\u0161ie ako definovanie \u00falohy humanitn\u00fdch vied a kult\u00fary \u2013 zo\u010di-vo\u010di napr\u00edklad ot\u00e1zkam bezpe\u010dnosti v Eur\u00f3pe.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na druhej strane, desiv\u00e9 spolo\u010densko-kult\u00farne javy napojen\u00e9 na politiku dokazuj\u00fa, ak\u00e1 je kult\u00fara \u017eivotne d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 pre udr\u017eanie ochrany \u013eudsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a vz\u00e1jomn\u00e9 porozumenie. Kult\u00farne dejiny a vl\u00e1da z\u00e1kona s\u00fa tou b\u00e1zou, na ktorej sa formovali na\u0161e \u00fastavy, medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo, Charta \u013eudsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a slob\u00f4d, nevyhnutn\u00e9 pre bud\u00facnos\u0165 Eur\u00f3py. Pre dne\u0161n\u00fd \u201cstar\u00fd svet\u201d s\u00fa z\u00e1sadn\u00fdmi v\u00fdzvami etnick\u00e9 \u010distky a poru\u0161ovanie mieru a demokracie okolo n\u00e1s. Som presved\u010den\u00fd, \u017ee s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e1 situ\u00e1cia nie je jedinou kr\u00edzou, ktorej budeme musie\u0165 \u010deli\u0165 ako n\u00e1sledku zmien od roku 1989. Kr\u00edzov\u00e1 situ\u00e1cia na Ukrajine a v Rusku, na z\u00e1padnom Balk\u00e1ne a na Bl\u00edzkom V\u00fdchode, ako aj probl\u00e9my hran\u00edc a r\u00f4znych n\u00e1bo\u017eenstiev s\u00fa v\u0161etko v\u00fdzvy, ktor\u00fdm budeme musie\u0165 \u010deli\u0165 v bl\u00edzkej bud\u00facnosti. A v\u0161etky tieto komplik\u00e1cie s\u00fa pre humanitn\u00e9 vedy a kult\u00faru ur\u010dite obrovskou \u00falohou.<\/p>\n

Ak\u00e1 by mohla by\u0165 nov\u00e1 vedeck\u00e1 a diskurz\u00edvna \u00faloha pre s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 humanitn\u00e9 vedy a kult\u00faru? Potrebuje \u201cNov\u00e1 Eur\u00f3pa\u201d aj na\u010falej intelektu\u00e1lnu odbornos\u0165 a anga\u017eovanos\u0165, ktor\u00fa tradi\u010dne vytv\u00e1ra a poskytuje kult\u00fara? Kam zharad\u00edme kompenza\u010dn\u00fa funkciu filozofie a humanistick\u00e9ho myslenia? Odo Marquard, nemeck\u00fd filozof, upozor\u0148uje na kompenza\u010dn\u00fa \u00falohu t\u00fdchto humanitn\u00fdch pilierov tv\u00e1rou v tv\u00e1r weberovsk\u00e9mu svetu racionalistick\u00e9ho roz\u010darovania a ve\u013emi pozemsk\u00fdm n\u00e1sledkom sekulariz\u00e1cie u\u017e od osvietenstva. Jeho my\u0161lienky akoby poskytovali nov\u00fd duchovn\u00fd domov pre na\u0161e zm\u00e4ten\u00e9 a \u010dasto cynick\u00e9 myslenie. Pod\u013ea m\u0148a v\u0161ak jeho koncepcia nem\u00f4\u017ee v skuto\u010dnosti fungova\u0165, a to z dvoch d\u00f4vodov:<\/p>\n

1) To na\u0161e bezprostredne poci\u0165ovan\u00e9 roz\u010darovanie z nedostatkov modernej spolo\u010dnosti<\/b>, kult\u00farneho odcudzenia sa, mestsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota, nedostato\u010dnej ekol\u00f3gie, roz\u0161\u00edren\u00e9ho pocitu soci\u00e1lnej i kult\u00farnej\u00a0 fragment\u00e1cie, ako aj politickej a hospod\u00e1rskej kr\u00edzy, nemo\u017eno uzdravova\u0165 filozofiou, humanistick\u00fdmi my\u0161lienkami a kult\u00farnymi podujatiami. Naopak, vyrie\u0161i\u0165 sa d\u00e1 jedine primeran\u00fdmi politick\u00fdmi a spolo\u010densk\u00fdmi opatreniami, vytvoren\u00edm nov\u00fdch r\u00e1mcov pre ka\u017edodenn\u00fd \u017eivot, pr\u00e1cu, demokratick\u00fa \u00fa\u010das\u0165 vo verejnom a kult\u00farnom \u017eivote. Humanitn\u00e9 vedy a kult\u00fara by nemali kompenzova\u0165 \u010di dokonca nahr\u00e1dza\u0165 politiku. To by mohla by\u0165 pr\u00edli\u0161 nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 cesta do bud\u00facnosti.<\/p>\n

2) D\u00f4sledky sekulariz\u00e1cie tie\u017e nem\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 kompenzovan\u00e9 estetikou, filozofiou alebo pou\u010dn\u00fdmi rozpr\u00e1vkami<\/b>. Mus\u00edme n\u00e1js\u0165 odpove\u010f na probl\u00e9my t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa n\u00e1bo\u017eenstiev. Jedn\u00fdm z najv\u00e1\u017enej\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1sledkov osvietenstva je, \u017ee dlhodobo zamie\u0148ame probl\u00e9m n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch potrieb a t\u00fa\u017eob zd\u00f4raz\u0148ovan\u00edm n\u00e1le\u017eitej in\u0161titucion\u00e1lnej a politickej \u00falohy n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva v sekul\u00e1rnych spolo\u010dnostiach. Hoci sme nadobudli dojem, \u017ee n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 t\u00fa\u017eby vymizn\u00fa, st\u00e1le sa objavuj\u00fa a nadob\u00fadaj\u00fa nov\u00fd v\u00fdznam, \u010doho d\u00f4kazom je popularita modern\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch hnut\u00ed a siekt. Hovoriac o Bohu, mus\u00edme vysvet\u013eova\u0165 dejiny sveta, preto\u017ee jednou z najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch t\u00fa\u017eob \u013eudstva je spasenie.<\/p>\n

Ak\u00e1 by teda mohla by\u0165 nov\u00e1 \u00faloha kult\u00fary?<\/b> Pod\u013ea m\u0148a nemus\u00edme vy\u017eadova\u0165 presn\u00e9 odpovede a strat\u00e9gie. Ve\u010f procesy prehodnocovania a preorientovania sa u\u017e prebiehaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n

V prvom rade mus\u00edme \u0161\u00edri\u0165 vedomosti o kult\u00farach, o rozdieloch medzi nimi a taktie\u017e o tom, \u010do maj\u00fa spolo\u010dn\u00e9<\/b>. Na to potrebujeme viac finan\u010dn\u00fdch a \u013eudsk\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed. Nielen do oblasti kult\u00farneho vzdel\u00e1vania v \u0161kol\u00e1ch, ale aj do kult\u00farnych in\u0161tit\u00faci\u00ed ako s\u00fa divadl\u00e1, koncertn\u00e9 s\u00e1ly, miesta, kde sa stret\u00e1va mlad\u00e1 gener\u00e1cia \u2026 a tak \u010falej. Na z\u00e1klade sk\u00fasenost\u00ed z mojej krajiny m\u00f4\u017eem zodpovedne poveda\u0165, \u017ee nov\u00e1 identita Rak\u00faska bola z ve\u013ekej \u010dasti vytvoren\u00e1 kult\u00farou. Nie sme n\u00e1rod v pon\u00edman\u00ed 19. storo\u010dia. Ale v\u017edy hovor\u00edme, \u017ee sme kult\u00farny n\u00e1rod. Neviem, \u010di to je naozaj pravda, ale sna\u017eili sme sa vytvori\u0165 kult\u00farnu politiku, ktor\u00e1 n\u00e1m umo\u017enila n\u00e1js\u0165 pramene na\u0161ej kult\u00fary, ktorou sa mus\u00edme prezentova\u0165 aj v bud\u00facnosti. H\u013eadali sme aj to, \u010do m\u00e1me spolo\u010dn\u00e9 s na\u0161imi susedmi. Som hlboko presved\u010den\u00fd, \u017ee invest\u00edcia do kult\u00fary je tou najlep\u0161ou invest\u00edciou nielen do na\u0161ej rak\u00faskej, ale aj do na\u0161ej spolo\u010dnej eur\u00f3pskej bud\u00facnosti.<\/p>\n

Erhard Busek<\/b><\/p>\n

b\u00fdval\u00fd minister pre vedu, \u0161kolstvo a kult\u00faru<\/i> <\/b>v Rak\u00fasku<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kult\u00fara je z\u00e1kladom Eur\u00f3py, v\u0161etci dookola opakuj\u00fa. Bez kult\u00fary nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1\u0161 star\u00fd kontinent pochopi\u0165. V skuto\u010dnosti sa v\u0161ak Eur\u00f3pania bavia o menov\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch, nezamestnanosti, nov\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00e1ch, pris\u0165ahovalectve a vlastnej bezpe\u010dnosti. Kult\u00fara zost\u00e1va len pre v\u00fdstavy, festivaly a turizmus. Eur\u00f3pa naozaj od roku 1989 \u00fazko spolupracovala v len oblasti hospod\u00e1rstva, dopravy, pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch vied a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-komentare"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/via-cultura.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/via-cultura.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/via-cultura.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/via-cultura.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/via-cultura.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=244"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/via-cultura.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":245,"href":"https:\/\/via-cultura.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244\/revisions\/245"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/via-cultura.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=244"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/via-cultura.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=244"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/via-cultura.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}